Th e sphere of health care constitutes a scientifi c and social area, in which a wider range of functionality of both scientific, public and hospital libraries (specialist ones set up in health care centers) is being realized. Th e organizational methods used in them make up what is referred to as medical librarianship – a sphere of activity which is the result of practice. Th e set of professional skills and sources of information were being formed since the end of the 19th c. through all the decades of the 20th c. contributing to the shaping of international medical librarianship in the 21st c. Th e range of obligations and responsibilities of the librarians is not limited exclusively to contributing to the increase of readership of books devoted to medical topics. A need for new qualifi cations in the occupation of librarian, of information counseling and evidence-based research methodology have arisen in the sphere of health care and promotion.